• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a prevention means characterized in that it is a capture and retention device (1) capable of receiving fine and / or ultrafine particles at the emission source (5) of the fine particles and / or ultrafine, the capture and retention device (1) is single-use and / or punctual for the purpose of punctual and localized work of compliance, repair or maintenance.
    公开号:FR3032368A1
    申请号:FR1500233
    申请日:2015-02-06
    公开日:2016-08-12
    发明作者:Frederic Bosler
    申请人:Frederic Bosler；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to a means for preventing private or occupational accidents, including the work, by exposure of professional or private operators, to the toxicity of dust and fine or ultrafine particles, short fibers and fine fibers, as part of their activity. A single example of application of the invention for exposure prevention will be retained in this description, without being limited thereto. As will be described, the new means apply to any prevention of exposure to dust, fine or ultrafine particles, short fibers and fine fibers. The invention, in this example of application, therefore relates to a means of preventing private or professional accidents, by exposure of professional or private operators, to the toxicity, among others, of short fibers and fine fibers of asbestos called FCA - FFA.
    [0002] More particularly, such occurrent exposures, among others, during specific and localized work of upgrading, repair or maintenance in buildings and buildings whose structures or equipment or installations, are contaminated or consist of materials. friable and non-friable likely to contaminate the air and therefore exposing the said operators during usual or special interventions. For the record, the said dusts taken into account are particles covering a spectrum of particle diameters ranging from 10 microns (p) or PM 10 to those of diameters of 1 micron (p) or PM 1.0. PM 10 is present in agriculture, particularly crops, manufacturing, residential / tertiary and road transport. PM 1.0 is generated by the residential / tertiary sector, mainly because of wood combustion and, to a lesser extent, coal and oil, and in road transport, diesel fuel combustion. For the record, the said dusts taken into account concern ultrafine particles as for them classified in a spectrum ranging from 100 nanometers (nm) to 2.5 3032368 2 nm. They are found in the aforementioned fields of activity and new technologies and some are only recently the subject of studies, research and prevention in professional, public and private. All these fine and ultrafine particles can therefore have emission sources in building and construction premises related to the activities mentioned. Their effects on the living are multiple and, in combination or alone, the dust particles are identified for their effects said CMR, carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction. The means of detection and measurement of toxic concentration in the professional and public environments, have mainly been carried out using methods using phase contrast optical microscopes (MOCP). However, these methods were limited to PM 1.0. And it is newly, over the past ten years, that analytical electron microscopy (META) or analytical scanning electron microscopy (MEBA) methods are able to detect and measure toxic concentrations of ultrafine particles. The public authorities who, having been authorized by the MOCP, took measures to establish, on the one hand, occupational exposure limit values and, on the other hand, to lay down procedures and approve technical solutions since the prevention of exposure to the removal of dusts and fine or ultrafine particles, short fibers and fine fibers in the aforementioned professional activities. META or MEBA only reinforce these procedures and necessarily evolve approved and proven techniques in terms of solutions to new regulatory requirements and constraints. To date the general principles of prevention consist in: Firstly, to eliminate the risk of exposure on a construction site either by robotic work and with ineluctably the decontamination of said robot when removed from the site, or to create a closed system. Here the invention highlights the inappropriateness of the technique and solutions for punctual and localized work of upgrading, repair or maintenance in these contexts.
    [0003] 3032368 3 Secondly, to reduce the risk by impregnation techniques at heart. It is a matter of wetting with or without agents wetting the materials to work. Again the invention highlights the inappropriateness of the technique and solutions for punctual and localized work of upgrading, repair or maintenance in these contexts. Third, contain the pollution by confinement under 10 Pascal (Pa) and appropriate decontamination means. This is barely conceivable for punctual and localized work of upgrading, repair or maintenance. In the end, dismantling and deconstructing remains the only solution to date. Spot work and localized upgrading, repair or maintenance failing can only submit to these procedures. In short, the removal of dust, their extraction at the source with equipment dedicated to H13 filters "HEPA" type with very high efficiency "THE", or the sedimentation of the fibers in the air by misting and the inevitable material decontaminations and make unthinkable the realization of punctual and localized work of setting standards, repair or maintenance. An operator, with personal protective equipment or PPE, whether or not equipped with respirators or APRs, suitable for and indicated in level 1 dust-contaminated atmospheres below the occupational exposure limit value (OEL), level 2 in those between the OEL and 60 times this, or level 3 in those between 60 and 250 times the OEL, could carry out punctual and localized work of bringing to the standards, repair or maintenance. It will first invest in expensive techniques approved to meet the legal requirements of prevention.
    [0004] In the state of the art, there is no other technique for operating in an atmosphere that is not confined beforehand on the one hand, and on the other hand without PPE when the markings before work according to standard NF X 46-020 the allow. The invention therefore proposes, in addition to reducing the direct costs and related to the administrative provisions of the works and techniques of carrying out the work, to overcome as much of all these aforementioned provisions, to also allow from the 3032368 4 departure of establish a secure sampling of risk, a measurement of risk via META and when the regulatory conditions are met, to perform punctual and localized upgrading, repair or maintenance work with or without PPE at best.
    [0005] 5 One-off and localized upgrading, repair or maintenance work consists of, but is not limited to, building and construction premises, laying or removing and restoring technical or material elements, on structures or equipment or existing or new facilities. These punctual and localized works relate more particularly to operations such as, for the example, the occasional rupture of the state of the surface of the structure or of the equipment or the installation, with a small tool such as example always, screwdriver, drill, perforator, chisel and tools of the kind. The invention advantageously allows the use of such tools without it being necessary to mitigate the aforementioned risks by making their use only possible in enclosures confined with an operator under EPI. Other advantages will be highlighted over the following nonlimiting description. The invention will be better understood on reading a nonlimiting example of implementation of the present invention described with reference to the appended figures: FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a detailed set of the embodiment of the prevention means. - Fig. 2 and 3 represent "external" views of the prevention means. The means of prevention is carried out with a capture and retention device (1) able to be traversed by a tool (7) without impairing its performance and endurance necessary for the efficiency of the functions of capture and retention of fine and / or ultrafine particles. This tool (7) modifies the integrity of the prevention means and will thus make it possible to use one or more components contained in gel form (4) in the gel reservoir (3). Due to this change in physical integrity, the device (1) is disposable and point-alone. Advantageously, the single use makes it possible to remove the capture and retention device (1) while keeping the tool (7) of the intervention still engaged in the capture and retention device (1). Another advantage of this characteristic is the possibility of changing tools with a new capture and retention device (1) during an intervention without derogating from the general principles of prevention and elimination of fine and / or ultrafine particles. Fine and / or ultrafine particles are for example dust, short or fine fibers of asbestos, wood, plaster, etc. The collection and retention device (1) is made of a flexible and resistant and transparent and sealed material to allow the forced passage through its three walls (6a, 6b and 6c) of a tool (7). ) manual or mechanical or electrical during commissioning, during use and when withdrawing from operations. The walls (6a, 6b and 6c) are parallel to each other, flat, but could be concave or convex. It is a transparent plastic material, such as PVC without being limited thereto. The flexibility of this plastic material makes it possible to ensure, by elastic effect, a relative tightness with respect to a content and to a tool (7). This plastic material allows the image of an elastic ring to clamp the tool (7) on its passage zone through the three walls (6a, 6b and 6c) of the collection and prevention device (1), a chisel for example, or if necessary a tool holder, a drill for example. This plastic material is resistant to wear and abrasion to allow time for spot work to various tools to drill, drill, or perform what they are designed for. It should be noted that the hole (Oa) of inlet and outlet drilling provided in the wall (6a) of the tool (7) of the capture and retention device (1) will provide an optimum seal.
    [0006] Advantageously, the physical characteristics of the plastic material constituting the capture and retention device (1) allows both the maintenance of the tool (7) and the content without limiting the workability of the tools (7) and hence their performance and efficiency. The prevention means or device for collecting and retaining (1) fine and / or ultrafine particles comprises two reservoirs, one (3) containing gel (4) and the other reservoir (2) also called collector (2). ) air (9). This gel (4) is contained in a reservoir (3) hermetically closed before the intervention of the tool (7). This gel (4) 3032368 6 maintains a constant initial viscosity at all stages of the procedure. This determined viscosity allows the gel (4) to remain contained in the capture and retention device (1) during and after the work. Advantageously, this gel (4) participates in the sealing of the collection and retention device (1). Subsequently, without generating external pollution, it allows the removal of the capture and retention device (1) with its tool (7) and in proper sequence according to the procedures, it allows the secure encapsulation of the capture device and retention (1) with its tool (7) for analysis, conditioning, transport and disposal of the entire collection and retention device (1). In an alternative the viscosity of the gel (4) may be varied during the procedure. Thus the viscosity decreases locally around the tool (7) during drilling and increases during removal of the tool (7). The gel (4) of the capture and retention device (1) is transparent. The gel (4) is blank of any inclusion such as air bubbles or other. At least during the implementation of the capture and retention device (1), it is possible to visualize through the gel (4) the point of intervention at the source of emission (5). ). This is a gel (4) that may be suitable for medical use. The gel (4) of the capture and retention device (1) produces with the reservoir (3) a hermetic assembly that can be modulated in volume and size to adapt to the work envisaged. By capturing with the gel (4) fine and / or ultrafine particles generated by the tool (7), the invention sets out that this capture is carried out without pollution of the external environment through the device capture and retention (1). For these purposes, the invention provides the device for collecting and holding (1) two tanks (2,3). The latter (1) comprises firstly a reservoir (3) such as a container or a sealed chamber before the intervention of the tool (7) for the gel (4) and secondly a second reservoir (2) containing air (9), also called collector (2) for collecting during work on ceiling or partition, the unwanted exits of gel (4) from the gel reservoir (3) (containing the fine particles 30 and / or ultrafine capture) related to the effect of gravity, this collector (2) serving container adapted and intended to receive freeze contaminated or not, the orifice (Oa) input / output provided in the wall (6a) for the tool (7) being as previously said of a different material (silicone type) to achieve a hermetically optimal seal, allowing only the passage of the tool and keeping the gel (4) and the fine and / or ultrafine particles in the collection and retention device (1). The collection and retention device (1) comprises an adhesive layer (8) enabling the collection and retention device (1) to be secured to the surface of the material or material, whether or not it is brittle, of the wall of the structures or equipment or facilities locating the source of emission (5) of the work to be performed. This design achieves a confined atmosphere in which only the tool (7) evolves and where the operator remains outside the risk area of exposure. The fastening surface (10) may as required be total or partial; the optimum surface then being at best the total surface area of the surface (10) of the capture and retention device (1) and the partial joining being considered corresponding to a part of the surface (10) and centered on the sensing device and retention (1). The adhesive layer (8) is designed to firmly adhere to friable or non-friable surfaces while remaining removable from the wall at the end of said work, it may be micro-perforated (allowing diffusion of the gel on the surface around the surface). emission source (5)) or not. The adhesive layer (8) micro-perforated or not, exposed, intended to be used during the work, is protected with a protective film (11) strippable. The adhesive layer (8) is preferably a single set, but there is no prohibition to make a composite assembly in which each element of the composition corresponds to different adhesives and particularly adapted to the surface properties of a wall. In order to be able to visually locate the point of contact of the end of the tool (7), ie the emission source (5) on the wall, the entire device (1) as well as the adhesive layer (8) is transparent. The point of intervention 25 is, in accordance with the procedures, identified prior to the work on structures or equipment or installations. This transparency is at least required at the start of the work. The sealing of the collection and retention device (1) during the work phase from its piercing to the elimination of the capture and retention device (1) with the tool (7) is obtained because of the flexibility of the device (1), the quality of the adhesive layer (8) at the piercing point and the optimum hermetic qualities of the orifice (Oa) provided in the wall (6a). This procedure is imperative for work on vertical surfaces or on ceilings, so as to collect any projections of fine particles and / or ultrafine particles captured by the gel (4), the collector (2) acting as suitable container. and intended to receive gel contaminated or not and the "hermetic" qualities of the orifice (Oa) ensuring the absence of gel projection containing fine and / or ultrafine particles which on the one hand by the effect of gravity would end up on the tool (7) and on the other hand by the effect of the centrifugal force would be projected into the environment. 1.0 The collector (2) gel (4) is a receptacle preferably conical. The entire device (1) as visualized in Figure 3, is preferably of conical shape without being limited thereto. The characteristics remain the same; tear resistance permitting piercing so that the edges (Oa) of said piercing exert a constant and perimetral support on the walls of the tool (7) which pierces it. In the latter case, the invention takes advantage of the elasticity of the edges of the penetration of the wall (Oa) by widening the opening allowing the introduction of the tool (7) in this opening. Advantageously, a possible flow of gel (4) likely to occur with work on vertical or ceiling can not come to pollute the environment and keep the device for capture and retention (1) a secure confinement this being guaranteed by the hermetic qualities of the inlet / outlet orifice (Oa) of the tool at the level of the capture and retention device (1). To further enable directional movements in rotation of the tool (7), pivoting or back and forth, simple or combined that can be imposed by the operator during the execution of the work, the device (1) is flexible and deformable, its own qualities allowing a certain mobility of the device (1) without losing its quality first. The invention therefore makes it possible to produce a confined space of reduced volume to perform punctual and localized upgrading, repair or maintenance work in premises of buildings whose structures or equipment or installations are contaminated with fine particles. and / or ultrafine. After a registration in the rules of art and having defined the point of intervention, the operator begins by choosing the tool or tools (7) selected for the work. The use of several tools successively imposes the use of a capture and retention device (1) for each of them. Indeed the security requires the removal of the operating field or elimination by encapsulation of each capture and retention device (1) used. The operator will remove the single protective film (11). Then he will position the device (1) adhesive layer (8) directed towards the point of intervention. It will visually locate through the device (1) the point of intervention on the support (12) to be drilled or any other type of work to be done that it will position in the center of it. By applying a firm and lasting pressure on the device (1) in the direction of the point of intervention, the adhesive layer (8) solidarisera the assembly in a secure and sealed manner. A manual test of adhesion will confirm a successful joining. The operator will firmly engage the tool (7), having previously activated (rotation), through the wall (6a) facing it, through the orifice (Oa). The second wall (6b) and the third wall (6c) will yield from the first application of the end of the tool (7) to the point of intervention. The job or step of a job can be executed. The operator maneuver his tool in the direction or senses that will agree. The device (1) due to its elasticity follows the movements without rupture of adhesions and without tears. The work or the phase of work with a finished tool, the operator keeps the tool engaged in the capture and retention device (1). In the case of a tool holder, without notice to the contrary, it will previously disengage the tool from the latter.
    [0007] 25 It will carefully carefully separate the capture and retention device (1) with the tool (7) of the intervention point and thus the pierced support (without limitation to this type of intervention) (12) and will proceed immediately to packaging or encapsulation of the whole. He will repeat as much as necessary the operations for any other tool designated for each of the steps of a work on a point of intervention.
    [0008] 3032368 10 Annotations of figures 1. capture and retention device 2. collector or air tank 5 3. gel reservoir 4. gel 5. emission source 6. a, b and c walls provided at the passage of the tool 7. tool 10 8. adhesive layer 9. air 10. fastening surface with the support (wall, ceiling, ground ..) 11. protective film 12. support (wall, ceiling, floor ...) 15 Oa, Ob, Oc. orifices allowing the passage of the tool, providing an airtight passage for Oa 20
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [0001]
    CLAIMS1) A means of prevention characterized in that it is a capture and retention device (1) capable of receiving fine and / or ultrafine particles at the emission source (5) of the fine particles and / or ultrafine, the capture and retention device (1) is disposable and / or one-off and has two reservoirs, one (3) containing gel (4) and the other reservoir (2) also called collector (2) of the air (9).
    [0002]
    2) Means of prevention according to claim 1 characterized in that the 10 capture and retention device (1) is transparent plastic material.
    [0003]
    3) Means of prevention according to claim 2 characterized in that the transparent gel (4) is contained in a flexible reservoir (3), resistant and sealed.
    [0004]
    4) Means of prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the capture and retention device (1) comprises an adhesive layer (8) on the largest of its surfaces (10), the layer adhesive (8) is transparent or translucent.
    [0005]
    5) Means of prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the collector (2) is a suitable container and intended to receive stained gel or not. 20
    [0006]
    6) Means of prevention according to claim 4 characterized in that the surface (10) comprising the adhesive layer (8), micro-perforated (diffusing the gel around the emission source (5)) or not, is greater than the surface of the wall (6a) on the insertion side of the tool (7) and having the orifice (Oa).
    [0007]
    7) Means of prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the capture and retention device (1) is transparent, centered on the emission source (5) of fine particles and / or ultrafine , it allows the operator to view the emission source (5). 3032368 13
    [0008]
    8) Means of prevention according to any one of claims 7 7 characterized in that the capture and retention device (1) is conical in shape, its largest surface being that positioned on the emission source (5).
    [0009]
    9) Means of prevention according to any one of claims 1 to 8 s characterized in that the capture and retention device (1) comprises a sealed orifice (Oa).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3032368B1|2017-07-28|
    WO2016124825A1|2016-08-11|
    EP3253521A1|2017-12-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    SU814655A1|1977-08-24|1981-03-23|Московский Авиационный Институтим. Серго Орджоникидзе|Apparatus for removing chips at metal working|
    GB2347847A|1999-03-19|2000-09-20|Chown Peter A C|A vacuum cleaner|US20170225240A1|2016-02-09|2017-08-10|The Boeing Company|Drill plate assemblies|
    US20180021859A1|2015-01-16|2018-01-25|Gerflor|Device for retaining dust created by a drilling operation, and method for drilling a wall using said retaining device|
    FR3111283A1|2020-06-14|2021-12-17|Frédéric Bosler|Improved device for collecting and retaining dust and corresponding method|FR2795351B1|1999-06-24|2003-01-03|Jean Max Rousselot|RECOVERY AND PROTECTOR OF WASTE OR FUMES GENERATED BY A STRUCTURE|
    法律状态:
    2016-01-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-08-12| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20160812 |
    2017-02-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-01-18| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-10-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-11-16| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-01-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2022-01-12| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1500233A|FR3032368B1|2015-02-06|2015-02-06|NOVEL MEANS FOR PREVENTING EXPOSURE TO FINE AND / OR ULTRA FINE PARTICLES|FR1500233A| FR3032368B1|2015-02-06|2015-02-06|NOVEL MEANS FOR PREVENTING EXPOSURE TO FINE AND / OR ULTRA FINE PARTICLES|
    PCT/FR2016/000005| WO2016124825A1|2015-02-06|2016-01-19|Means for preventing exposure to fine and/or ultrafine particles|
    EP16707829.4A| EP3253521A1|2015-02-06|2016-01-19|Means for preventing exposure to fine and/or ultrafine particles|
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